The second most common cause of death in children <5 years. La gastroenteritis es una enfermedad diarreica (heces líquidas), de comienzo generalmente brusco, que puede estar acompañada de otros síntomas como náuseas, vómitos, fiebre y dolor abdominal de tipo retortijón. Vibrio cholerae. gastroenteritis al cabo de unas horas después de los vómitos y generalmente acompañado de fiebre aparece la diarrea gastroenteritisla diarrea se caracteriza por la eliminación de materia fecal líquida, lo que hace perder agua y sales del organismo con riesgo de deshidratación, si además hay vómitos el problema aumenta al dificultar la … Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Sociedad Española de Pediatría Extrahospitalaria y Atención Primaria www.sepeap.org Coordinación editorial Alberto Alcocer, 13, 1.° D 28036 Madrid Tel. Worldwide, inadequate treatment of gastroenteritis kills 5 to 8 million people per year Uploaded on Feb 07, 2013 Sumayah Buthainah + Follow gastroenteritis Views: 546, By: DrDwayne Si hace mucho calor, bañarlo y colocar al bebe en un lugar fresco, la temperatura alta aumenta el riesgo de deshidratación. Views: 570, By: Uchiha The diarrhea will stop by itself. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. • Rotavirus is associated with gastroenteritis of above-average severity. • Racecadotril ( acetetorphan) is an enkephalinase inhibitor (nonopiate) with antisecretory activity, and is now licensed in many countries in the world for use in children. offered 80% protection. Some studies have demonstrated decreased ER stays and increased parent satisfaction with ORS therapy over IV NO difference in duration of illness or hospitalization rates. case 1. GASTROENTERITIS Los síntomas del niño y los antecedentes de exposición ayudan al médico a confirmar el diagnóstico. mouth esophagus stomach small intestines large intestines and rectum anus pancreas liver and biliary. Treatment:- • ORS is considered the cornerstone in treatment because it has appropriate osmolality about 310 mos/Kg. In addition to restoring beneficial intestinal flora, probiotics may enhance host protective immunity such as down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Close suggestions Search Search. Treatment Feeding and nutrition -Normal diet as rapidly as possible. initial vitals: hr, Mental Illness in the Pediatric Population - . consultant pediatric emergency medicine king abdulaziz medical city - riyadh • Zink defficiency is known also to increase mortality in pneumonea,measles and diharrea. Enfermedad diarreica aguda pediatria sheila, Atención integral de las enfermedades diarreicas agudas - CICATSALUD, Enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA) y deshidratacion, Gastroenteritis bacteriana aguda en el niño, Tratamiento Farmacologico De La Diarrea Aguda Infantil Nuevo. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. infant : acute gastroenteritis adult : Acute Diarrhoea and Gastroenteritis in Childhood - Current health problems in students’ home countries. Views: 507, By: DrDwayne Get powerful tools for managing your contents. Statistics in the United States: > 1.5 million outpatient visits/year 200,000 hospitalizations/year 300 deaths/year 9% of all hospitalizations of children <5yo Children <3yo estimated at 1.3-2.3 episodes/child/year, 5. Activate your 30 day free trial to continue reading. Norwalk virus • “winter vomiting disease” 1968, Norwalk • Cause 40% of nonbacterial epidemics • Explosive epidemics • camps, cruise ships, nursing homes • Food borne illness • raw shellfish, Norwalk virus: Clinical Features • 24-48 hour incubation period • vomiting prominent • diarrhea 1-3 days • less severe than rotavirus • Small 27-35-nm single stranded RNA virus • Most common cause of GE outbreaks in older children &adults • Similar to staph food poisoning, How does Norwalk virus cause diarrhea? department of peditric, An Experimental Study on Acute Gastroenteritis Disease - Gastroenteritis caused by infection of shigella species are, gastroenteritis - Gastroenteritis is an inflammation or infection of the digestive tract, mainly the stomach and, Gastroenteritis - . Presentación Descubrimientos sobre el tratamiento universal de la hepatitis C Tema de Google Slides y plantilla de PowerPoint gratis ¿Quieres presentar nuevos descubrimientos en la búsqueda de un tratamiento universal de la hepatitis C? Puede ser entre una hora a varias semanas, pero, habitualmente, es entre uno a tres días. 2022. presente de indicativo irregularidades 1Elsa Nunes.ppt, orgenesyevolucindelacomunicacinhumana1-221128214423-8b3da07b.pdf. Treatment Factors: Severe or prolonged episode Fever Repeated vomiting, Refusal to drink fluids Severe abdominal pain Blood or mucus in stool Sign of dehydration Dry, sticky mouth Few or no tears when crying Sunken eyes Lack urine or wet diaper Dry, cool skin Fatigue or dizziness, 17. Replacement phase Existing deficit %dehydration x body weight x 10 = ml 50% given over first 8 hours, the rest over next 16hrs + Maintenance fluids Calculation : 100ml/kg first 10 kg 50ml/kg next 10kg 25ml/kg for each kg above 20kg Give fluids as 0.45%NaCl + 5% dextrose Add 10mmol KCl to each 500 ml NB . Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. • Asymptomatic infection is very common in developing countries and is associated with the presence of cattle close to dwellings. Breastfed infants -Continue breastfeeding throughout the rehydration and maintenance phases. Ongoing losses !!!!! Sign & Symptoms Nausea & Vomiting Diarrhea Loss of appetite Fever Headaches Abdominal pain Abdominal cramps Bloody stools Fainting and Weakness Heartburn Dehydration Lethargic, 11. • In the absence of prompt and adequate rehydration, hypovolemic shock and death can occur within 12–18 h after the onset of the first symptom. Nursing problems • Altered fluid volume related to severe diarrhea and vomiting • Pain related to abdominal cramping • Risk for altered skin integrity due to skin contact to faeces & frequent cleansing • Risk of infection due to exposure of family members and others to infection pathogens • Parents’ lack of knowledge related to disease process & its management, © 2022 SlideServe | Powered By DigitalOfficePro, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - E N D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. Tratado de pediatría continúa con su tradición de constituirse en una fuente de información esencial para los pediatras generalistas y los subespecialistas pediátricos a la hora de diagnosticar y tratar a los niños y adolescentes de todo el mundo. by dr. tamer hassan. incidence:-. 14. • Infection is associated with watery diarrhea and on occasion dysentery (acute bloody diarrhea). By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. approach etiology diagnosis treatment, CPG on Acute Gastroenteritis - . Pediatric Population - . (13% of all deaths). Work-Up Labs The vast majority of children presenting with acute gastroenteritis do not require serum or urine tests Moderate-severe dehydration: Electrolytes, bicarbonate, and urea/creatinine Fecal leukocytes and stool culture Evidence of systemic infection-complete workup: CBC and blood cultures. Diferentes definiciones de gastroenteritis, clasificacion de la diarrea, epidemiología, factores de riesgo, etiología y cuadros característicos, fisiopatología, manifestaciones clínicas y diagnóstico clínico, semiología de la diarrea , signos de deshidratación, laboratorios, diferenciales, complicaciones y tratamiento. who's the artist?. dr jonny taitz sydney children’s hospital, randwick april 2003. Incidence. 20cc/kg of isotonic IV fluids over one hour Repeat as necessary Continue replacement for stools ** ongoing losses can be matched at approximately 10cc/kg for each stool & 2cc/kg for each emesis episode. Click here to review the details. The primary manifestation is diarrhea, but it may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. diarrhea - Pure water depletion -Sodium excess – improper mixing of formula Plasma tonicity increases ……. Clinical manifestations:- • Incubation period <48 hrs. by: chloe watson. Incidence:-. • Every child <5 years has 3.6 episode of diarrhea/year. Gastroenteritis, 2002. Especially attacked young animals Human : - . Views: 462, By: DrDwayne Account for 1.5 million death of children/year globally. • Once rehydration is complete food should be reintroduced to replace ongoing losses by emesis or diharrea. Author: Gord Last modified by: Jay Green Created Date: 4/20/2009 5:19:10 AM Document presentation . should be avoided in bloody or suspected inflammatory diarrhea (febrile patients). Bacterial gastroenteritis ± Bloody diarrhea Child appears systemically ill : sepsis Greater degree of dehydration Abdominal pain Raised inflammatory markers Stool culture will show leucocytes > 5 /hpf Extra abdominal organ involvement : Bacteremia - osteomyelitis - meningitis - endocarditis Slide 7- Acute Gastroenteritis in pediatric population, 2. causes infections in humans and vertebrates, enteric fever. Work-Up Diagnosing gastroenteritis is mainly an exclusion procedure History & Physical 2 vital functions: Differentiating gastroenteritis from other causes of vomiting and diarrhea in children Estimating the degree of dehydration. -�BRAT� diet and other restrictive diets are unnecessary and provide suboptimal nutrition Several studies have found that combinations of clinical signs and symptoms may have better sensitivity and specificity for detecting dehydration in children than individual signs Several studies have found that combinations of clinical signs and symptoms may have better sensitivity and specificity for detecting dehydration in children than individual signs, 21. Se considera aguda si la duración es inferior a 3-4 semanas y persistente/crónica cuando exceda dicho tiempo. Prevention Water, sanitation, and hygiene: • Safe water • Sanitation: houseflies can transfer bacterial pathogens • Hygiene: hand washing Safe food: • Cooking eliminates most pathogens from foods • Exclusive breastfeeding for infants • Weaning foods are vehicles of enteric infection Micronutrient supplementation: the effectiveness of this depends on the child’s overall immunologic and nutritional state; further research is needed. Shigella species. Acute Gastroenteritis in pediatric population . incidence:-. • Infants and the elderly appear to be at the greatest risk. PANCREATITIS AGUDA Y CRONICA.pptx, PRESENTACIÓN SF. • All children exposed by age 4-5 years • Double stranded RNA virus • Several groups (A-E ) • Most common cause of viral diarrhea. Trauma leve. The second most common cause of death in children <5 years. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. NB ½ darrows contains K, Electrolytes Acidosis Assess on blood gas Bicarbonate supplement : 1/3 x base deficit x body weight Hyponatremia Treat if Na < 125 Calculate Na deficit = (Desired Na – Measured Na) x 0.6 x kg Safe rate of change = 12mmol/L rise / day Hypernatremia pure free water deficit Calculate [(Na – 145) /2]x [4ml/kg] x wt (kg) Safe rate of change = 12mmol/L decline/day, Severe Dehydration Management of severe dehydration requires IV fluids Fluid selection and rate should be dictated by The type of dehydration The serum Na Clinical findings Aggressive IV NS bolus remains the mainstay of early intervention in all subtypes, Isonatremic Dehydration Calculate the fluid deficit Deficit (cc’s) = % dehydration x body wt D5½NS is fluid of choice (½ deficit – the bolus) over the first 8hrs Add maintenance and any ongoing losses to above Further ½ the deficit replaced over the next 16hrs Monitor electrolytes and U/O, Hypernatremic Dehydration Fluid deficit = (Current Na/Desired Na – 1) x 0.6 x body wt Replace with D50.2%NS Replace over 48hrs Reduce sodium by no more than 10mEq/L/24hrs (½ deficit – the bolus) over the first 24hrs Add maintenance and any ongoing losses to above Further ½ the deficit replaced over the next 24hrs, Hyponatremic dehydration Na deficit = (Nadesired- Nacurrent) x 0.6 x Weight (kg) Divide above by Na in mEq/L within the replacement fluid 154 mEq in NS 77 mEq in D5½ NS 513 in 3% saline divide by deficit x 2 to determine rate at 0.5mEq/L/hr, Hyponatremic Dehydration If seizing Correct with 3% Saline bolus Target a Na of 120 Further correction beyond this with D5½ NS If not Seizing Correct with D5½ NS Target a Na of 130 Watch for Central Pontine Myelinolysis More likely in chronic hypo-Na with less Sx Correct slowly at rate of 0.5mEq/L/hr. Sindrome intestino irritable calprotectina. Emerging foodborne pathogens - . • Malnourished children develop severe &prolonged illness. Los síntomas que podría tener ante una gastroenteritis son: diarrea, que podría tener sangre y mucosidad, o ser acuosa, grasosa o espumosa. • Prolongation of diharrea with resultant malnutrition • Secondary infections. Introduction • Very common reason to A&E • In third-world countries, gastroenteritis results in 3 million deaths annually • In HK • 1/3 rotavirus • 1/3 bacteria (mainly Salmonella) • 1/3 no organism identified (Nelson E et al; Guidelines for the Management of . 1. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. REHYDRATION • Oral rehydration can be accomplished by drinking frequent small amounts of an oral rehydration salt solution. Views: 336, By: Reddy Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. acute gastro-intestinal illness usually, Respiratory Emergencies in the Pediatric Population - . human, ENTEROBACTERIACEAE - . Gastroenteritis. -Lactose-free formulas are unnecessary; 80% of children could tolerate full strength milk. • Fever develops in 70% of affected children. La infección produce una combinación de vómitos, diarrea, cólicos, fiebre e inapetencia, que deriva en deshidratación. Activate your 30 day free trial to unlock unlimited reading. Enteral feeding should be continued during recovery from episode of diarrhea. Case Scenario • Baby Darwina is 9 months old is still breast feeding and has started weaning since 4 months old. E.Coli O157H7 Epidemic / sporadic outbreaks Contaminated food, partially cooked beef Verotoxin producing EHEC Affects 3 – 5yr olds Prodromal gastroenteritis followed by > acute renal insufficiency > hemolytic anemia > thrombocytopenia. 教学目标. Unidad i digestivo - sindrome diarreico agudo - fernanda pineda gea - med... Enfermedad diarreica aguda pediatria sheila, Trastornos diarreicos y manejo del niño trabajo, DISEÑO DE INSTRUMENTOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN SOCIAL.pptx, Métodos de separación de mezclas GRUPO #7.pdf, Saneamiento Sostenible Descentralizado y cierre del ciclo de nutrientes.pptx. Excess secretion, Other viruses causing gastroenteritis • Adenovirus • Enteric serotypes 40,41 • 80-nm single stranded DNA • Do not cause respiratory symptoms • Common cause of GE in children and adults • Prolonged course 10-14 days • Astrovirus • Second common cause of viral GE • Single stranded RNA 30-nm diameter • Similar to Rota infection but milder. introducing the artiste formerly, Persistence and Inactivation of Norovirus in Fresh Produce Chains - . • Quinolone-resistant Campylobacter is present in several areas of South-East Asia (e.g., in Thailand) and azithromycin is then the appropriate treatment, PROBIOTICS Several probiotics (Saccharomyces boulardii , Lactobacillus rhamnosus and a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum) had significant efficacy (at preventing traveler’s diarrhea)” Probiotics mixture reduced the severity of diarrhea and length of hospital stay in children with acute diarrhea. Etiologies: Parasitic Giardia and Cryptosporidium <10% of cases Presentation: Watery stools Low-grade fever differentiated from viral gastroenteritis by a protracted course or history of travel to endemic areas, 9. GASTROENTERITIS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation 1 / 24 Remove this presentation Flag as Inappropriate I Don't Like This I like this Remember as a Favorite Share About This Presentation Title: GASTROENTERITIS Description: Key to differential with bacterial infections. Definición e impacto de la gastroenteritis aguda infecciosa. • Enteric fever — Salmonella typhi or paratyphi A, B, or C (typhoid fever). • Ingestion of contaminated food or water. Click here to review the details. loperamide, opiates, bismuth subsalicylate) are not recommended for use in AGE. Worsens bacterial infections. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Download Free PDF . a 3 week-old boy. • Malnutrition. 9 month old male visiting jhb with his parents and brother, Newborn vomiting: Bilious - . • Person-person spread uncommon because of large inoculum size. In secretoryDiharrea enterotoxin produced by microorganism cause inhibition of Na-Cl pump but not(glucose-Na) pump. Viral causes of gastroenteritis • Rotavirus • Calcivirus(Norwalk) • Enteric Adenovirus • Astrovirus • Others Torovirus,Coronavirus and Pesivirus, Rotavirus • Mostly in infants between3-24 months. WAFA SAMA’N Pediatrics MD. La gastroenteritis aguda es una de las enfermedades más frecuentes en los niños y la segunda causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo. what is gastroenteritis?. • Animals are the major reservoir for Salmonellae. Burden of Rotavirus Disease & Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination - . • Newborns usually are asymptomatic some may develop NEC outbreaks in nurseries. Extra: Por encima puedes añadir aguacate, fuente de vitamina E y grasas buenas, pollo (rico en proteínas) y cebolla morada que . cause : e. coli. • Infants are more prone to infection because of decrease intestinal reserve , gastric acidity and lack of specific immunity. PATOGENIA La infección se adquiere por la vía oral, a partir de un enfermo, de un portador asintomático, o de un reservorio animal; con transmisión de forma directa, a través de alimentos contaminados o de vectores. salmonella. 76 slides Pediatric gastroenteritis 1 berrick 2k views • 35 slides Acute gastroenteritis Pediatrics 2.2k views • 52 slides Gastroenteritis - Pharmacotherapy Kainat Panjwani, PharmD 12.5k views • 38 slides Gastroenteritis Lazoi Lifecare Private Limited 2k views • 11 slides Gastroenteritis Richard Saint Cyr MD 2k views • 20 slides Gastroenteritis Alex Alvarado. paediatric nursing dk.norasmah phi 23 rd intake. Salmonella Infections an update - . Campylobacter is prevalent in adults and is one of the most frequently isolated bacteria from the feces of infants and children in developing countries. Reporte de Inteligencia Turística por Media Más. Though some clinical studies have demonstrated that ondansetron can decrease vomiting and hospitalization.Antidiarrheals (e.g. HEALTH EDUCATION • If the child still needs ORS after 24 hours, make a fresh solution. approach etiology diagnosis treatment, Acute Gastroenteritis in pediatric population - . On examination, her temperature is 38.9 c, pulse 125 beats and respiration of 30.She is also moderately dehydrated. -Early feeding reduces illness duration and improves nutritional outcome. Definitions and Terms: Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE): diarrheal disease of rapid onset, with or without accompanying symptoms, signs, such as nausea, vomiting, fever, or abdominal pain, 1. Gastroenteritis . • Leading cause of severe, dehydrating gastroenteritis among children. salvador dalí born on may 11, 1904 had a brother by the same, Viral and Parasitic Gastroenteritis - . approach etiology diagnosis treatment, ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS IN CHİLDREN - . • Diarrhea (with or without blood) develops, and fever lasting 3 weeks or more. Incidence:-. aron j. hall, dvm, msph viral gastroenteritis team centers for, Acute Gastroenteritis - . Usually vomiting will stop. jie chen , md ,phd children hospital zhe jiang university. Review strategies to improve collaboration among interprofessional team members to enhance outcomes for children with gastroenteritis and decrease associated morbidity and mortality. paolo aquino, m.d., m.p.h. You can read the details below. an inflammation of the stomach and intestines commonly found during, Management of Acute Gastroenteritis (Oral Rehydration and Nutritional Therapy) - . INFECTION CONTROL • Proper hand washing • Practice barrier nursing • Placed patient in isolation room. Acute Gastroenteritis in pediatric population . • Infants commonly develop dehydration. HKCEM College Tutorial Gastroenteritis in Paediatrics Author Dr. CH chung Revised by Dr. Chang Wai Yin James Oct, 2013. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Gastroenteritis aguda Patología frecuente en pediatría Los niños menores de 3 años presentan 1,3 a 2,3 episodios anuales En EE.UU. Treatment Fluid Management Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) -carbohydrate (glucose or rice syrup) & electrolytes (Na, K, Cl, citrate, HCO3-) -Takes advantage of a specific sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT-1) to increase the reabsorption of sodium, which leads to the passive reabsorption of water. Azithromycin dosage for children can range (depending on body weight) from 5 mg to 20 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, once daily for 3–5 days. You can read the details below. salmonella. acute, Acute Diarrhoea and Gastroenteritis in Childhood - Current health problems in students’ home countries. objectives. Gastroenteritis infecciosa hps dr carreòn, Gastroenteritis aguda por Carlos M. Montaño Pérez, Gastroenteritis en Pediatria Tratamiento Integral - DR ULISES REYES GOMEZ, Enfermedades diarreicas agudas (EDA's) e Infecciones Respiratorias Altas (IRA's), PARASITOLOGIA - Parasitos, Protozoos Intestinales, PARASITOLOGIA - Presentacion parasitos protozoos intestinale ultimo, PARASITOLOGIA - Parasitos protozoos intestinale, Crecimiento Y Desarrollo Y Vigilancia NiñO Sano2, Cuerpos ExtrañOs En VíAs Digestivas Y Respiratorias, prestadores turisticos CORREDOR CARCARANA oct 2022 (2).pdf. ), Norwalk virus (?). Open navigation menu. 22. Acute Gastroenteritis WAFA SAMA’N Pediatrics MD. In adults, the two most common causes of gastroenteritis are viral and bacterial infections: Acute Gastroenteritis: An Approach - . Transmission • Fecal-oral • Contaminated water supplies • Poor hygiene • Food • Fomites. Get powerful tools for managing your contents. • Nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain ,fever diharrhea,usually watery but st bloody. It has been found useful in children with diarrhea, but not in adults with cholera. • ORS can’t be given in shock,ileus,vomiting,high stool output>10cclKG • Home made remedies like carbonated beverages(soda),fruit juice are not suitable for rehydration or maintainance because of high osmolality and low Na concentration. Acute gastroenteritis is defined as a diarrheal disease of rapid onset, with or without nausea, vomiting, fever, or abdominal pain. Acute Gastroenteritis. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Gastroenteritis Kevin Mosquera. • Lack of exclusive breast feeding. • S. flexneri — dysenteric symptoms and persistent illness; most common in developing countries. Acute Gastroenteritis: A Case Discussion - Ryan em c. dalman md mba - 070070. acute gastroenteritis: a case discussion. The vaccine has been endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Every child <5 years has 3.6 episode of diarrhea/year. Gastroenteritis Aguda en Pediatría MISCELÁNEA. 93 slides Gastroenteritis infecciosa y enfermedad de hirschprung ComiteDeCasosClinicos 530 views • 31 slides Gastroenteritis infecciosa MaryJose Santiago Benitez 419 views • 88 slides Gastroenteritis pediatria 46k views • 44 slides Diarrea Gastroenteritis Aguda Ita 3 jacque78 9.3k views • 43 slides Gastroenteritis en adultos 2017 Kenny Lopez Background. baby boy ralph upchurch. Incidencia de GEA. Start with a teaspoonful every five minutes in children and a tablespoonful every five minutes in older children and adults. Create stunning presentation online in just 3 steps. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. 3 Gastroenteritis aguda (GEA) Etiología de la GEA 13. to review epidemiology of acute gastroenteritis to, GASTROENTERITIS - . Gastroenteritis aguda en el niño jmrecio. Activate your 30 day free trial to unlock unlimited reading. prof. dr. tufan. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. It prevents the body from drying up. Tap here to review the details. Rotavirus: in 1998, a rotavirus vaccine was licensed in the USA for routine immunization of infants. colibacillosis. Treatment Fluid Management Factors: Status of patient & dehydration degree Oral rehydration therapy -as effective as IV fluids in treatment of mild to moderate dehydration both OP & IP. Several studies have found that combinations of clinical signs and symptoms may have better sensitivity and specificity for detecting dehydration in children than individual signs Several studies have found that combinations of clinical signs and symptoms may have better sensitivity and specificity for detecting dehydration in children than individual signs, 18. dr.t.v.rao md. Diciembre 09. La gastroenteritis aguda es una de las enfermedades pediátricas más frecuentes y la segunda causa de mortalidad infantil en el mundo. (gi t block , microbiology : Salvador Dali - . approach etiology diagnosis treatment, Acute Diarrhoea and Gastroenteritis in Childhood - Current health problems in students’ home countries. outline. wafa sama’n pediatrics md. • Vomiting is common; fever is rare. The current recommendation is to administer 2 separate doses of Rotarix to patients aged 6-24 weeks. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. • One-third of diarrhea hospitalizations and 500 000 deaths worldwide each year. Physical Signs . Síndrome diarreico infantil y deshidratacionSíndrome diarreico infantil y des... Sx diarreico, colon irritable, dispepsia.pptx. Unidad i digestivo - sindrome diarreico agudo - fernanda pineda gea - med... Vomito, Estreñimiento, Dolor abdominal y Parasitosis intestinal, Insuficiencia Arterial y Trombosis Venosa Profunda, Tomografía Computada y Resonancia Magnética de la Columna Vertebral, Síndrome Nefrótico (glomerulopatías primarias), Hiperbilirrubinemia del Recién Nacido (Ictericia Neonatal), Exploración de Cuello y Cadenas Ganglionares, Categorias epidemiologicas: Persona, tiempo y Lugar, INFORME_ESTADISTICO_INDOT_GESTION_2014.pdf, 18.- U3. Profesor asociado de la Universidad de . for 3 days), and norfloxacin. • Sugar improve absorption of electrolytes and water, but if too much is present in ORS solutions,   diarrhea can be worsened. Description. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. introduction. Sample Gordon's Functional Health Pattern: Intestinal Obstruction Powerpoint ... Anatomy and Physiology: Gastrointestinal Tract. Scribd es red social de lectura y publicación más importante del mundo. Se manifiesta con vómitos, diarrea o ambos y a veces se acompaña de fiebre o cólicos. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the European Society of Incidence. Eliseo Ferrer – Sobre materialismo metodológico y ateísmo en la investigación... No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. Presentation • Salmonellosis(acute enteritis): • Incubation period 6-72 hrs. Account for 1.5 million death of children/year globally. Por eso es mucho más ligera. However, depending on the infecting serotype and especially in children, they may also cause gastroenteritis. acute gastroenteritis. 31 slides Gastroenteritis en adultos 2017 Kenny Lopez 2.3k views • 35 slides Gastroenteritis infecciosa pediatria Almendra HI 5k views • 17 slides Diarreas y planes de hidratación Victoria Morales Coronado 3.2k views • 41 slides Gastroenteritis infecciosa hps dr carreòn juan manuel carreon guerrero 8.8k views • 93 slides Advertisement background • gastroenteritis refers to an acute inflammation of the stomach and intestines resulting in vomiting and diarrhea • gastroenteritis is one of the most common diseases affecting children • second most common acute infection after uri • viruses are the most common causes of acute gastroenteritis in developed and developing countries • … Clean food preparation & preservation. The cause is typically a viral or bacterial infection. We’ve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. En los países en desarollo, donde los niños son más . Give ORS until diarrhea & vomiting subsides • For older children – give ORS, avoid spicy food, give dry foods eg biscuits, drink diluted juice and bland food as tolerated, Symptoms of dehydration • sunken eyes & fontanelles • Dry mucous membrane • Loss of skin turgor • Weight loss • Reduce urine output • Change in mental status ie confusion, delirium • Sign of shock eg low BP and tachycardia, NURSING MANAGEMENT ANXIETY DUE TO DISCOMFORT • Administer analgesic & antibiotics as prescribed. For treating most types of common bacterial infection, the recommended azithromycin dosage is 250 mg or 500 mg once daily for 3–5 days. • Rarely septicimia and septic shock. Acute infection of bowel which cause diarrhea and vomiting Most common disorder in childhood. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. ÓRGANOS ACCESORIOS: lengua, piezas dentarias, vesícula biliar y apéndice vermiforme. In secretoryDiharrea enterotoxin produced by microorganism, Enteral feeding should be continued during recovery from. Currently, two vaccines have been approved: a live oral vaccine (RotaTeq™) made by Merck for use in children, and GSK’s Rotarix™. Adenovirus. retortijones (dolor de estómago), hinchazón o dolor. Treatment Fluid Management Rehydration protocols: Mild: 50-100 cc/kg of ORS plus replacement over 4 hours** Moderate: 100cc/kg of ORS plus replacement over 4 hours Severe: Bolus of 20-30 cc/kg lactated Ringer's (LR) or normal saline (NS). Resuscitation Emergency resuscitation phase Re – expansion of intravascular space Iso tonic crystalloid – 0.9%NaCl = 20ml/kg over 20 minutes Ringers Plasmalyte Reassess after each bolus Repeat up to 60ml/kg No improvement ? It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. the second most common cause of death in children, Digestive System - . — loperamide is not recommended for use in children < 2 y. Antisecretory agents • Bismuth subsalicylate can alleviate stool output in children or symptoms of diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain in traveler’s diarrhea. Estudiante en escuela superior de medicina, Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. an-Approach to diarrhea-by dr. rkdhaugoda,ctgu- 2014, Gastroenteritis in children ,Dr.youssef quda, Pediatrics 5th year, 4th lecture (Dr. Adnan), Acute Gastroenteritis for Adults and Children, Virginia Mason Internal Medicine Residency, Jnana Prabodhini Educational Resource Center, Food borne animal parasites, viruses and food borne biohazards, Food Borne animal parasites, viruses and food borne biohazards, Diarrhea - a detailed study (symptoms, management ,all medical aspects), Intestinal Obstruction Powerpoint Presentation. Epidemiology of acute diarrhea: developed versus developing countries. Peak isolation rates are found in children 2 years of age and younger. ¿Quieres presentarlos de una forma creativa y original para llamar la atención de tu público? GASTROENTERITIS • An infection or inflammation of the digestive tract, particularly the stomach . acute gastroenteritis is a disease characterized by changes in, Acute Gastroenteritis: An Approach - . Si vomita administrar agua hervida o mineral por cucharitas. Se puede acompañar de nauseas, rápida. Opiates are contraindicated, and the others have limited scientific evidence to outweigh risks) � Antiemetics currently antiemetics are not recommended in the treatment of AGE. المهم كتبت عليه الي مو مهم مكتوب ___ فمعناتو. ámbito de la Pediatría sobre los sistemas de retención infanti página 9 ERRORES DE DIAGNÓSTICO Fiebre, vómitos y diarrea, no siempre una infección banal página 20 PROGRAMA DE AUTOEVALUACIÓN Urgencias cardiológicas página 17 ARTÍCULOS COMENTADOS Sociedad Española de Urgencias de Pediatría www.seup.org ISSN: 16965752 D. Legal: M . • Bacteremia occurs in 1–5%, mostly in infants. For children who are unable to tolerate ORS via the oral route (with persistent vomiting), nasogastric feeding can be used to administer ORS. En nuestro medio es un proceso generalmente autolimitado. filename: salmonella.ppt. PRINCIPLES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GE • Correction & maintenance of hydration • Prevention of further nutritional loss • Provide health teaching to patients and parents • Prevention of spread of infections, REHYDRATION • Rehydration is the replenishment of  water and  electrolytes lost through  dehydration. : 91 353 33 . The SlideShare family just got bigger. The SlideShare family just got bigger. • Waterborne outbreaks of diarrhea caused by cryptosporidium commonly and others like:-Shigella, E.coli, Norovirus and Giardia. Manuel Meléndez Follow Parasitic agents Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cyclospora cayetanensis most commonly cause acute diarrheal illness in children. acute diarrhoea, An Experimental Study on Acute Gastroenteritis Disease - Gastroenteritis caused by infection of shigella species are, gastroenteritis - Gastroenteritis is an inflammation or infection of the digestive tract, mainly the stomach and, Gastroenteritis - . Los órganos que conforman el sistema digestivo se pueden agrupar en: ÓRGANOS PRINCIPALES: cavidad bucal, faringe, esófago, estómago, intestino delgado e intestino grueso. King CK, Glass R, Bresee JS, Duggan C. Managing acute gastroenteritis among children: oral rehydration, maintenance, and nutritional therapy. Views: 798, By: DrDwayne Cellular dehydration Complications – cerebral hemorrhage, seizures,paralysis, encephalopathy Clinically : abdominal wall skin doughy Hyponatremia Na < 135meq/L Causes : - supplementation of fluid losses with hypotonic fluids - loss from GI tract Plasma tonicity decreases …….. Cellular oedema Complications - cerebral oedema Clinically : tenting of skin on abdominal wall, Electrolytes 2 Potassium Serum potassium may not reflect true potassium Usually potassium depletion, initially not significant Consider as part of replacement fluids when adequate urine output obtained Acidosis Bicarbonate loss in stools Decreased renal perfusion – less acids excreted Decreased tissue perfusion – lactic acid production, Laboratory CBC Inflamatory tests Stool analysis of leucocytes Stool cultures Measurement of serum electrolytes is only required in children with severe dehydration or with moderate dehydration (hypernatremic dehydration requires specific rehydration methods — irritability and a doughy feel to the skin are typical manifestations and should be sought specifically) Tests such as BUN and bicarbonate are only helpful when results are markedly abnormal A normal bicarbonate concentration reduces the likelihood of dehydration No lab test should be considered definitive for dehydration, DIFFERENTIAL DG Meningitis • Bacterial sepsis • Pneumonia • Otitis media • Urinary tract infection. Gastroenteritis in Infancy & Childhood - . Según la Sociedad Europea de . Antimotility Drugs loperamide is the agent of choice for adults (4–6 mg/day; 2–4 mg /day for children > 8 y). wafa sama’n pediatrics md. gastroenteritis in children dr. osama y. Gastroenteritis Infecciosa y descripción por agentes etiológicos. Azithromycin is widely available and has the convenience of single dosing. • Low grade fever,vomiting followed by diharrea lasting 2000) are pathogenic for humans. CAMPYLOBACTER Erythromycin is hardly used for diarrhea today. Gastroenteritis Tratamiento Hasta que consulte al médico: Puede continuar con pecho si se amamantaba. Treatment:- • Correct dehydration • Antimotility drugs are contraindicated because they increase incidence of perforation • Antibiotics are not used in simple enteritis because they increase resistance prolonged bacterial shedding &carrier state. La gastroenteritis está causada normalmente por una infección vírica, bacteriana o parasitaria. • In Shigellosis superficial invasion of colonic mucosa and phagocytic activation with apoptosis and inflammatory interleukins release leading to neutrophilicdegranulation. • Viral enteritis enhance mucosal permeability to macro molecules leading to increase incidence of food allergy. GASTROENTERITIS). Translations in context of "per evitare di peggiorare la" in Italian-English from Reverso Context: Le pessime abitudini di rasatura possono, in effetti, seccare la pelle, dunque i ragazzi dovrebbero ricordarlo e radersi con attenzione per evitare di peggiorare la situazione. The greatest danger presented by gastroenteritis is dehydration. — Significant abdominal pain also suggests inflammatory diarrhea (this is a contraindication for loperamide use). Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. En nuestro medio, constituye una las patologías más frecuentes en las consultas de Pediatría de Atención Primaria, siendo un proceso autolimitado para la mayoría de los niños. • Young age. Several studies have found that combinations of clinical signs and symptoms may have better sensitivity and specificity for detecting dehydration in children than individual signs Several studies have found that combinations of clinical signs and symptoms may have better sensitivity and specificity for detecting dehydration in children than individual signs, 20. • If diarrhea increases and /or vomiting persists, take child over to a health clinic. WAFA SAMA'N Pediatrics MD. acute infection of bowel which cause, Gastroenteritis - . Bacterial Etiology:- • Salmonella • Two main species with many different serotypes(S.Enterica S.bongori)Serotypes are divided according to somatic O antigen and flagella H antigen. • Villi have absorptive &digestive functions so both are affected in Rota viral infection. We've encountered a problem, please try again. Calprotectina, una nueva determinación en Gammalab.La calprotectina calprotectina objectives. The loss of fluids through diarrhea and vomiting can upset the body's electrolyte balance, leading to potentially life-threatening problems such as heart beat abnormalities (arrhythmia) The risk of dehydration increases as symptoms are prolonged. GASTROENTERITIS

• A nivel mundial hay 3.5 episodios de diarrea por persona por año. • Rota virus immunization.oral live attenuated pentavalent vaccine. Gastroenteritis aguda (GEA) en lactantes durante el primer año de vida. • ORS does not stop diarrhea. joseph a. iocono, m.d. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Antidiarrheals (e.g. Infectious diarrhea is commonly referred to as gastroenteritis. You can read the details below. • Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) — traveler’s diarrhea, diarrhea in infants and children in developing countries. • Antibiotics associated pseudomembranous colitis is due to Clostridium defficile. • Nearly all children in both industrialized and developing countries have been infected with rotavirus by the time they are 3–5 years of age. Central Pontine Myelinolysis Fluctuating LOC Pseudobulbar palsy Quadraparesis, Electrolytes 1 Hypernatremia : Na > 145meq/L Causes : - Water loss > electrolyte loss e.g. GASTROENTERITIS created by: Katherine L. Laud, SN 2. La etiología más frecuente son las infecciones virales y el diagnóstico es generalmente sindrómico. - A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as an HTML5 slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 57c9a4-YWVmN Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the intestines that causes diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, loss of appetite, and other symptoms of digestive upset. prof t rogers dept of clinical microbiology. • Infection affects proximal small bowel • Patchy mucosal injury • Malabsorption • ? Prevention Vaccination-RotaTeq & Rotarix Probiotics Washing hands. paolo aquino, m.d., m.p.h. enteropathogenic e. coli subgroups that correlate well with toxicoinfection belong, Salmonella - . • Vaccine Was licensed in 1998 for infants 2,4,6 mo. GASTROENTERITIS). gastroenteritis. • Because severe dehydration can rapidly cause permanent injury or even death, intravenous rehydration is the initial treatment of choice for that condition. • Although brush border of intestine is affected ,still satisfactory absorption of CHO,protiens and fats can occur. We've updated our privacy policy. • Stools are watery, colorless, and flecked with mucus. • G-ve flagellated rods killed by heat. [ 1] As the disease severity depends on the degree of fluid loss . Pathogenesis • Selectively infects &destroys villous tip cells in small intestine ,gastric mucosa is not affected. Consider: Duration, frequency, quality, quantity, last episode, +/- factors, associated symptoms, diet/med/travel/sick contact hx. We've updated our privacy policy. 57 Nuber Científ. inflammation of stomach or intestines inhibits nutrient absorption and excessive h 2 o and, Viral Gastroenteritis - . ESTADO ACTUAL DEL TEMA La gastroenteritis aguda (GEA) es una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en la infancia. Probiotics (e.g. • Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC) — watery diarrhea in young children; persistent diarrhea in children and adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Related Papers. ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS - . Create stunning presentation online in just 3 steps. • Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) — children < 2 years; chronic diarrhea in children; rarely causes disease in adults. Views: 449, By: MarieAltmann jie chen , md ,phd children hospital zhe jiang university.

• Mortalidad general en México: 6.9/100,000 habitantes por año. In 1999, production was stopped after the vaccine was causally linked to intussusception in infants. inhibits intestinal peristalsis and has mild antisecretory properties. • Antibiotics should not be given routinely because indiscriminate use lead to bacterial resistance and may prolong bacterial shedding. Clinical evaluation The initial clinical evaluation of the patient should focus on: • Assessing the severity of the illness and the need for rehydration • Identifying likely causes on the basis of the history and clinical findings, Approach to Peds Dehydration Initial Resuscitation Determine % dehydration Define the type of dehydration Determine the type and rate of rehydration fluids, Degree of Dehydration Mild dehydration (3-5%) Moderate dehydration (6-9%) Sever dehydration (10-15%), The skin pinch is less useful in infants or children with marasmus or kwashiorkor, or obese children, Parameters of dehydration 3-5% 6-9% >10% Mental status N ill , not toxic lethargic Respiratory Rate N tachypnoea acidotic Capillary refill N <2s 2 – 4s > 4s Blood pressure N N hypotensive Urine output N to down down minimal The best 3 individual examination signs are: Prolonged Cap refill time Abnormal Skin turgor Abnormal resp pattern, Three major classes of dehydration based on relative losses of Na and Water Isonatremic dehydration (80%) Hypernatremic dehydration (15%) Hyponatremic dehydration (5%), Dehydration Volume depletion - contraction of total IV plasma pool Dehydration – loss of plasma-free water disproportionate to loss of sodium Isonatremic volume depletion : most common in “dehydrated” children --- VOLUME DEPLETION Na and H20 lost in proportionate quantities Excessive extrinsic loss of fluids Hyponatremic volume depletion Volume depletion with hyponatremia Plasma volume contraction with free water excess e.g child with diarrhea given tap water to replenish losses Hypernatremic volume depletion Volume depletion + dehydration Plasma volume contraction + free water loss, Isonatremic dehydration By far the most common Equal losses of Na and Water Na = 130-150 No significant change between fluid compartments No need to correct slowly, Hypernatremic Dehydration Water loss > sodium loss Na >150mmol/L Water shifts from ICF ( intracelular fluid) to ECF Child appears relatively less ill More intravascular volume Less physical signs Alternating between lethargy and hyperirritability, Hypernatremic Dehydration Physical findings Dry doughy skin Increased muscle tone Correction Correct Na slowly If lowered to quickly causes massive cerebral edema intractable seizures, Hyponatremic Dehydration Sodium loss > Water loss Na <130mmol/L Water shifts from ECF to ICF Child appears relatively more ill Less intravascular volume More clinical signs Cerebral edema Seizure and Coma with Na <120, Hyponatremic Dehydration Correction Must again be performed slowly unless actively seizing Rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia thought to contribute to….